Results 1 - 3 of 3. Mental health legislation and human rights : mental health policy and service guidance package. World Health Organization. University of Aberdeen Libraries.
Aberystwyth University Library. Aston University Library. University of Birmingham Libraries. University of Bradford. Cardiff Metropolitan University. Cardiff University Libraries. Coventry University. Durham University Library. Edge Hill University. University of Edinburgh Libraries. University of Huddersfield Library. Keele University. LSE Library. University of Leicester Library. Integration of mental health services requires a lot of careful planning and there are likely to be several issues and challenges that will need to be addressed.
Therefore, in addition to imparting skills, training also needs to address the overall reluctance of primary healthcare workers to work with people with mental disorders. In many countries primary health-care staff are overburdened with work as they are expected to deliver multiple healthcare programmes.
Governments can not ignore the need to increase the numbers of primary healthcare staff if they are to take on additional mental health work.
Mental health professionals should be available regularly to primary care staff to give advice as well as guidance on management and treatment of people with mental disorders. Furthermore the absence of a good referral system between primary and secondary care can severely undermine the effectiveness of mental healthcare delivered at primary health-care level. Integration requires a careful analysis of the best options for the treatment and care of mental disorders at different levels of care see Figure 1.
The specific ways in which mental health should be integrated into primary healthcare will be influenced by the current function, status and strengths of primary, secondary and tertiary care levels within countries' existing health systems as well as the community context.
As far as possible, and as long as consistent with the international standards of good practices, countries must look at using and strengthening existing networks of services, including those in primary health-care, to provide mental health services. The delineation of a few targeted mental disorders to be treated at the primary care level in some contexts can be desirable.
It simplifies both the requirements for types of medicine limited list of psychotropic medications and the training of primary care workers who then need to be proficient and skilled in the use of a few selected drugs. The range of disorders can be increased in a stepped manner according to capacity and needs.
Integration into primary healthcare requires training of primary care staff in identification and treatment of mental disorders. The training of established primary care teams should occur in service settings and should involve programmes in diagnosis, management, and follow-up consultations as well as human rights and family intervention. General health staff must have the knowledge, skills and motivation to treat and manage patients suffering from mental disorders.
A mental health component should be included in the educational curriculum of all social and health workers and ongoing training and support provided on site. In some countries, primary care staff are already overburdened with work and integration of mental healthcare into primary healthcare will require and increase in the absolute numbers of primary care staff.
There need to be sufficient numbers of staff with the knowledge and authority to prescribe psychotropic medicines at primary and secondary levels. Basic psychotropic medicines must be available at primary and secondary care levels. Governments need to ensure that sufficient funds are allocated to purchase the basic essential psychotropic medicines and make sure they are available in primary care settings, in accordance with the policy adopted.
Medicines may be purchased under generic names from non-profit organisations, allowing access to drugs of good quality at low prices. The mental health professional should be available to discuss difficulties in management and to provide advice on interventions to be carried out by primary care staff.
Effective referral links between primary, secondary and tertiary levels of care need to be in place. It is recommended to develop and coordinate a collaborative network in order to provide mental health services.
Many mental disorders require psychosocial solutions. Thus, links need to be established between mental health services and various community agencies at the local level so that appropriate housing, income support, disability benefits, employment, and other social service supports are mobilised for people with mental disorders and in order that prevention and rehabilitation strategies can be more effectively implemented.
Close links with the informal community services is also fundamental — NGOs, religious leaders and other systems of support — and will lead to better outcomes and rationalisation of resources. Recording systems need to be set up to allow for continuous monitoring, evaluation and updating of mental health activities: mental health data need to be routinely recorded in patients' files and integrated in the overall general health information system at primary healthcare level, in order to be used for monitoring, evaluation and planning and service improvements.
Rates are still likely to be setby policy and will perhaps not cover all costs for all ser-vices. This means earnings from more profitable services would The Poor and Their Money An essay about financial services for poor people pdf The first client I talked to was doing it to be able to buy school fees and clothing for her two school-age
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